Reports indicate that Tehran has employed cluster munition warheads in attacks targeting areas including Tel Aviv, drawing widespread international concern. These weapons, which disperse multiple submunitions over wide areas, are criticized for their potential to harm civilians indiscriminately and leave hazardous unexploded ordnance.

Iranian officials have described the strikes as retaliation for the assassination of a senior security official, which they attribute to Israel. However, the frequency and nature of the assaults point to a strategic evolution from indirect proxy engagements to more direct confrontations. Israel’s Iron Dome and Arrow-3 defense systems have intercepted the majority of incoming projectiles, though analysts note increasing strain on these capabilities due to the volume and tactics employed.

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